The European Union (EU) has the stated objective to slow the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services by 2020, and restore as possible the environment in order for the EU to contribute to the maintenance of global biodiversity. One of the goals is the maintenance of genetic diversity. Although genetic diversity has been recognized by the IUCN as an important component of biodiversity for many years, it has not previously been an EU conservation target and there is no consensus on how this diversity should be measured. As a proof within the larger project, I am attempting to make Doñana an example of how to measure and track genetic diversity in a variety of species on a management time scale. The specific aim of this proposal is to obtain DNA field samples in Doñana. The first purpose of the samples will be to test the newly developed markers in a variety of taxa. In this step a series of markers will be tested for amplification success and variation. This only requires a few individuals of each species tested. Once a panel of markers has been optimized for a species, it will be necessary to characterize the diversity at those loci in the population(s) in Doñana. This will require 15‐20 samples per population.